medinfoАктуальные проблемы теоретической и клинической медициныActual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine2790-12892790-1297Казахстанско-Российский медицинский университет10.64854/2790-1289-2026-53-3-06medinfo-1122Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL ARTICLESПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННАЯ ДИНАМИКА ПЛАЗМЕННЫХ МИКРОРНК У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С НЕМЕЛКОКЛЕТОЧНЫМ РАКОМ ЛЕГКОГОPOSTOPERATIVE DYNAMICS OF PLASMA MICRORNA IN PATIENTS WITH NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCERhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2265-9717АширбековЕ. Е.AshirbekovY. Y.

старший научный сотрудник, и. о. заведующего лабораторией структурной и функциональной геномики

Senior Researcher, Acting Head of the Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics

eldarasher@mail.ruНұрғазыА. М.NurgazyA. M.

лаборант лаборатории структурной и функциональной геномики

Laboratory Assistant, Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics

nurgazyaizhan@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4468-8914СаткенҚ. С.SatkenK. S.

младший научный сотрудник лаборатории структурной и функциональной геномики

Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics

hdeathless@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9585-2166ИманбековБ. О.ImanbekovB. O.

торакальный хирург онколог

Thoracic Oncologist

bauka87_23@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5946-5521ШариповК. О.SharipovK. O.

д.б.н., профессор, генеральный директор Института молекулярной биологии и биохимии им. М.А. Айтхожина; заведующий кафедрой биохимии Казахского национального медицинского университета им. С.Д. Асфендиярова

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Director General of the Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Head of the Department of Biochemistry, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov

skamalidin@mail.ruРГП на ПХВ «Институт молекулярной биологии и биохимии им. М. А. Айтхожина» Комитета науки МНВО РК, Казахстан, АлматыКазахстанRSE on REM «Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry» of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, AlmatyKazakhstanРГП на ПХВ «Институт молекулярной биологии и биохимии им. М. А. Айтхожина» Комитета науки МНВО РК, Казахстан, Алматы НАО «Казахский национальный университет имени аль-Фараби», Казахстан, АлматыКазахстанRSE on REM «Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry» of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, Almaty; NJSC «Al-Farabi Kazakh National University», Kazakhstan, AlmatyKazakhstanАО «Казахский научно-исследовательский институт онкологии и радиологии», Казахстан, АлматыКазахстанJSC «Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology», Kazakhstan, AlmatyKazakhstanРГП на ПХВ «Институт молекулярной биологии и биохимии им. М. А. Айтхожина» Комитета науки МНВО РК, Казахстан, Алматы НАО «Казахский национальный медицинский университет имени С. Д. Асфендиярова», Казахстан, АлматыКазахстанRSE on REM «Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry» of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, Almaty; NJSC «Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University», Kazakhstan, AlmatyKazakhstan202605102026031122Copyright © Аширбеков Е., Нұрғазы А., Саткен Қ., Иманбеков Б., Шарипов К., 20262026Аширбеков Е., Нұрғазы А., Саткен Қ., Иманбеков Б., Шарипов К.Ashirbekov Y., Nurgazy A., Satken K., Imanbekov B., Sharipov K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/1122Актуальность

Актуальность. Циркулирующие микроРНК являются перспективными минимально инвазивными биомаркерами для диагностики немелкоклеточного рака лёгкого. Однако их биологическое происхождение остаётся недостаточно изученным. Если первичная опухоль является их основным источником, её хирургическое удаление должно приводить к снижению их уровней в плазме крови.

Цель

Цель. Определить, снижаются ли плазменные уровни ранее выявленных диагностических микроРНК после хирургического удаления опухоли у пациентов с НМРЛ.

Методы

Методы. В исследование включены 18 пациентов с гистологически подтверждённым немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого и 41 здоровый доброволец из нашего предыдущего исследования. Парные образцы плазмы пациентов получены до операции и через 14–119 дней после операции, до начала адъювантной терапии. Эксперимент включал выделение РНК с помощью магнитных частиц, обратную транскрипцию, ПЦР в реальном времени на основе технологии TaqMan и нормализацию по экзогенному контролю ath-miR-159a. Статистический анализ проводили с поправкой на множественные сравнения.

Результаты

Результаты. Предоперационные уровни семи микроРНК (miR-130b-3p, miR-1-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-200a-3p, miR-154-5p, miR-376a-3p и miR-18b-5p) были статистически значимо выше, чем у здоровых добровольцев. После операции уровни пяти из них оставались значимо повышенными. После поправки на множественные сравнения статистически значимого послеоперационного снижения кандидатных микроРНК, ассоциированных с немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого, не выявлено. Три микроРНК (miR-495-3p, miR-191-5p и miR-543) показали послеоперационное снижение при номинальном p < 0,05, однако после поправки эти различия утратили статистическую значимость. Их предоперационные уровни статистически значимо не отличались от уровней в контрольной группе. В данной выборке не выявлено статистически значимой корреляции между послеоперационными уровнями микроРНК и временем от операции до послеоперационного забора крови.

Выводы

Выводы. После поправки на множественные сравнения статистически значимого послеоперационного снижения кандидатных микроРНК, ассоциированных с немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого, не выявлено. Полученные результаты не позволяют установить их клеточное происхождение или подтвердить пригодность для послеоперационного мониторинга заболевания. Необходимы более крупные проспективные исследования.

Relevance

Relevance. Circulating microRNAs are promising minimally invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer. However, their biological origin remains insufficiently understood. If the primary tumor represents their principal source, surgical tumor resection would be expected to reduce their plasma levels.

Objective

Objective. To determine whether plasma levels of previously identified diagnostic miRNAs decrease following surgical tumor resection in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The study included 18 patients with histologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer and 41 healthy controls who participated in our previous study. Paired patient plasma samples were collected before surgery and 14–119 days after surgery, prior to adjuvant therapy. The experimental workflow included magnetic bead-based RNA isolation, reverse transcription, TaqMan-based real-time PCR, and normalization to the exogenous spike-in control ath-miR-159a. Statistical analyses included correction for multiple comparisons.

Results

Results. Seven miRNAs (miR-130b-3p, miR-1-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-200a-3p, miR-154-5p, miR-376a-3p, and miR-18b-5p) were significantly elevated in preoperative plasma compared with healthy controls. Five remained significantly elevated after surgery. No statistically significant postoperative decrease in NSCLC-associated candidate miRNAs was detected after correction for multiple comparisons. Three miRNAs (miR-495-3p, miR-191-5p, and miR-543) showed postoperative decreases at nominal p < 0.05, but these differences did not remain significant after correction. Their preoperative levels did not differ significantly from those of healthy controls. No statistically significant correlation was detected between postoperative miRNA levels and the time from surgery to postoperative blood sampling in this sample.

Conclusions

Conclusions. No statistically significant postoperative decrease in non-small cell lung cancer-associated candidate miRNAs was detected after correction for multiple comparisons. These findings do not establish their cellular origin or validate their utility for postoperative disease monitoring. Larger prospective studies are required.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.