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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medinfo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Актуальные проблемы теоретической и клинической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Actual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2790-1289</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-1297</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахстанско-Российский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2790-1289-2025-1-126-140</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medinfo-505</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРОБЛЕМЫ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ЭКСТРЕННОЙ ОФТАЛЬМОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PROBLEMS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF EMERGENCY OPHTHALMIC CARE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0036-3086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турганбаев</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turganbaev</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турганбаев Дастан Кайратович – докторант</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Turganbaev Dastan Kairatovich – doctoral student</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dastanturganbaeff@yandex.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6521-6836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капанова</surname><given-names>Г. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapanova</surname><given-names>G. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капанова Гульнара Жамбаевна – доктор медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой политики и организации здравоохранения</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kapanova Gulnara Zhambaevna – MD, Head of the Department of Health Policy and Organization</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.kapanova777@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7451-9706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахметжан</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmetzhan</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахметжан Ануар Дулатович – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akhmetzhan Anuar Dulatovich – Candidate of Medical Science, Associate Professor</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anuar.akh@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8417-7924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абилов</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abilov</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абилов Талгар Сатыбаевич – кандидат медицинских наук, декан факультета «Общая медицина»</p><p>Актобе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Abilov Talgar Satybaevich – Candidate of Medical Science, Dean of the Faculty of General Medicine</p><p>Aktobe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abilovtalgar@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-2848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нурбаулина</surname><given-names>Э. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nurbaulina</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нурбаулина Элеонора Бактыбаевна – кандидат медицинских наук, кафедра «Общая врачебная практика №2»</p><p>Актобе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nurbaulina Eleonora Baktybaevna – PhD, Department of General Medical Practice No. 2</p><p>Aktobe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dir@inti.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5327-234X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жорабек</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhorabek</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жорабек Сая Бауыржанқызы – MSc, ассистент профессора кафедры политики и менеджмента здравоохранения</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhorabek Saya – MSc, assistant of professor of the Department Health Policy and Management</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhorabek.s@kaznmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Казахский Национальный университет им. Аль-Фараби»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Non-Profit Organization Al-Farabi Kazakh National University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Казахский национальный медицинский университет имени С. Д. Асфендиярова»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Non-Profit Organization Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Западно-Казахстанский медицинский университет имени Марата Оспанова»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Non-Profit Organization Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Казахский национальный медицинский университет имени&#13;
С. Д. Асфендиярова»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Non-Profit Organization Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>126</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Турганбаев Д.К., Капанова Г.Ж., Ахметжан А.Д., Абилов Т.С., Нурбаулина Э.Б., Жорабек С.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Турганбаев Д.К., Капанова Г.Ж., Ахметжан А.Д., Абилов Т.С., Нурбаулина Э.Б., Жорабек С.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Turganbaev D.K., Kapanova G.Z., Akhmetzhan A.D., Abilov T.S., Nurbaulina E.B., Zhorabek S.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/505">https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/505</self-uri><abstract><p>Во всем мире миллионы людей нуждаются в неотложной офтальмологической помощи из-за травм глаз, острых воспалительных заболеваний, внезапных нарушений зрения и других экстренных состояний. Дефицит специалистов, недостаточная оснащенность медицинских учреждений и неравномерное распределение офтальмологической помощи создают значительные проблемы в её доступности, особенно в регионах с низким уровнем дохода.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить организации и проблемы неотложной офтальмологической помощи в мире.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: был проведен комплексный обзор литературы с использованием баз данных PubMed, eLibrary и Google Scholar, охватывающий темы неотложной офтальмологической помощи, распространенности заболеваний, новых технологий и нехватки специалистов. Отбирались статьи, опубликованные в период с 2014 по 2024 год на русском, английском и казахском языках. Три эксперта независимо проанализировали статьи, использовались данные ВОЗ для анализа тенденций. Оценка качества статей проводилась с использованием международных контрольных списков.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Неотложные офтальмологические состояния различаются по всему миру, распространенные диагнозы включают травму глаза, конъюнктивит и травмы роговицы. В исследованиях, проведенных в США, Саудовской Аравии и Казахстане, часто сообщалось о травмах глаза, особенно непроникающих травмах роговицы, инородных телах и химических ожогах. Кроме того, на частоту визитов влияют демографические факторы, такие как возраст, пол и регион, при этом мужчины и жители сельской местности чаще обращаются за неотложной помощью. Травма глаза остается основной причиной госпитализации в нескольких странах.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Неотложная офтальмологическая помощь во всем мире показывает различия в условиях, возрасте, поле и регионах. Травмы глаз, конъюнктивит и повреждения роговицы являются распространенными. К критическим проблемам относятся кадровое обеспечение, нехватка оборудования и необходимость улучшения обучения и доступа к медицинской помощи для лучшего реагирования на чрезвычайные ситуации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Worldwide, millions of people need emergency ophthalmologic care due to eye injuries, acute inﬂammatory diseases, sudden visual disturbances and other emergency conditions. Shortage of specialists, insuﬃciently equipped medical institutions and uneven distribution of ophthalmologic care create signiﬁcant problems in its availability, especially in low-income regions.</p><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study: to investigate the organization and problems of emergency ophthalmic care in the world.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, eLibrary, and Google Scholar databases covering the topics of ophthalmic emergency care, disease prevalence, new technologies, and shortages of specialists. Articles published between 2014 and 2024 in Russian, English and Kazakh were selected. Three experts independently analyzed the articles, and WHO data were used to analyze trends. The quality of articles was assessed using international checklists.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Ophthalmologic emergencies vary worldwide, common diagnoses include ocular trauma, conjunctivitis, and corneal trauma. Ocular trauma, especially non-penetrating corneal trauma, foreign bodies and chemical burns were frequently reported in studies conducted in the US, Saudi Arabia and Kazakhstan. In addition, demographic factors such as age, gender, and region inﬂuenced the frequency of visits, with males and those living in rural areas more likely to seek emergency care. Eye trauma remains the leading cause of hospitalization in several countries.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Emergency ophthalmologic care worldwide shows variations in conditions, age, gender, and regions. Eye trauma, conjunctivitis and corneal injuries are common. Critical issues include staﬃng, equipment shortages, and the need for better training and access to care to better respond to emergencies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>офтальмология</kwd><kwd>неотложная помощь</kwd><kwd>глазные заболевания</kwd><kwd>робототехника</kwd><kwd>кадровый дефицит</kwd><kwd>общие заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ophthalmology</kwd><kwd>emergency care</kwd><kwd>eye diseases</kwd><kwd>robotics</kwd><kwd>staff shortage</kwd><kwd>common diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World report on vision [Electronic source] // World Health Organization [Website]. – Geneva: World Health Organization, 2019. – Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. – URL: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/world-report-on-vision (Accessed:18.01.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World report on vision (2019). 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