<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medinfo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Актуальные проблемы теоретической и клинической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Actual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2790-1289</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-1297</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахстанско-Российский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.64854/2790-1289-2025-49-3-06</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medinfo-639</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПА: АНАЛИЗ ПО ОПРОСНИКУ EQ-5D-5L</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES: An EQ-5D-5L ANALYSIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8910-5658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беисова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beisova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>PhD-докторант  кафедры эпидемиологии, биостатистики и доказательной медицины, специальность "6D110200 «Общественное здравоохранение»</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ainagulbeissova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5552-3234</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Такамура</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Takamura</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ph.D. Professor, Department of Global Health, Medicine and Welfare Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Vice Director, Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University Director, The Great East Japan Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster Memorial Museum</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">takamura@nagasaki-u.ac.jp</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4105-4008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камхен</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamkhen</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра политики и организации здравоохранения, ассоциированный профессор, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kamchen_23@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-7816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Искакова</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskakova</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра эпидемиологии, биостатистики и доказательной медицины</p><p>ассоциированный профессор, к.м.н., д.м.н КР</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iskakovaf@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5815-393X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сапаева</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sapayeva</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра стоматологииассоциированный профессор, и.о.профессора, к.м.н.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sapaeva.58@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский Национальный университет имени Аль-Фараби<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Al-Farabi Kazakh National University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Department of Global Health, Medicine and Welfare Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Vice Director, Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University Director, The Great East Japan Earthquake and Nuclear Disaster Memorial Museum<country>Япония</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Беисова А.А., Такамура Н., Камхен В.Б., Искакова Ф.А., Сапаева Н.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Беисова А.А., Такамура Н., Камхен В.Б., Искакова Ф.А., Сапаева Н.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Beisova A.A., Takamura N., Kamkhen V.B., Iskakova F.A., Sapayeva N.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/639">https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/639</self-uri><abstract><p>Сахарный диабет является распространенным хроническим заболеванием, от которого страдает около полумиллиарда человек в мире. Согласно официальной статистике, в Республике Казахстан 4,2 % населения имеют данный диагноз.</p><sec><title> Цель исследования</title><p> Цель исследования: изучение качества жизни пациентов с диабетом 2 типа, находящихся на стационарном лечении в медицинских центрах г. Алматы, Казахстан, с использованием опросников EQ-5D-5L и EQ VAS, что позволило оценить профиль здоровья и выявить области, наиболее подверженных влиянию заболевания. </p></sec><sec><title> Материалы и методы</title><p> Материалы и методы: В данном описательном поперечном исследовании приняли участие 54 пациента с сахарным диабетом 2 типа. С помощью опросника EQ-5D-5L оценивался профиль здоровья по пяти параметрам: подвижность, уход за собой, повседневная деятельность, боль/дискомфорт и тревога/депрессия. Субъективное благополучие пациентов анализировалось по визуальной аналоговой шкале EQ VAS, которая отражает степень и выраженность проблем, связанных с показателями EQ-5D-5L. Был применен кластерный анализ для выделения подгрупп пациентов с разным уровнем снижения качества жизни, оцениваемый по бальной системе.              Результаты: наиболее серьезные изменения качества жизни пациентов с диабетом выявлены по таким параметрам, как боль/дискомфорт (77,8 %), подвижность (64,8 %), тревога/депрессия (53,7 %).</p><p> У 87,02±10,929 % пациентов определены проблемы, связанные со здоровьем, у 72,2±6,097 % и с комбинированными нарушениями. Средний суммарный балл состояния здоровья (LSS) у больных диабетом составил 9,46±0,467 единиц. Определены три кластера больных по оценке качества жизни: с со значительным снижением качества жизни (100 %-ное ограничение подвижности и наличие болевого синдрома, а также снижение повседневной деятельности  – 43,8 %, ухода за собой – 31,3 % и наличие тревоги – 37,5 %), с умеренным снижением (наличие тревоги – 85,7 %, болевого синдрома – 64,3 %, снижение подвижности – 57,1 % и ухода за собой – 35,7 %) и с ограниченным снижением (наличие боли – 70,8 %, ограничение подвижности – 45,8 %, наличие тревоги – 37,5 % и ограничение ухода за собой – 33,3 %).</p></sec><sec><title>      Выводы</title><p>      Выводы: у значительного большинства пациентов определена низкая субъективная оценка здоровья и существенное влияние таких симптомов, как боль/дискомфорт, подвижность, тревога/депрессия, на качество жизни, показатели EQ-5D-5L, EQ VAS и кластерным анализом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent chronic disease affecting roughly half a billion people worldwide. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, official statistics indicate a prevalence of approximately 4.2 % of the population.</p><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing inpatient treatment in medical centers in Almaty, Kazakhstan, using the EQ-5D-5L and EQ VAS questionnaires, which made it possible to evaluate their health profile and identify the areas most affected by the disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A total of 54 patients with type 2 diabetes participated in this descriptive cross-sectional study. The EQ-5D-5L profiled health across five domains (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression). Subjective health status was measured with the EQ VAS (0-100). To delineate subgroups based on the degree of HRQoL decrement, we applied hierarchical cluster analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The most frequent limitations were observed in pain/discomfort (77.8 %), mobility (64.8 %), and anxiety/depression (53.7 %). In 87.02 ± 10.929 % of patients, health-related problems were identified, and in 72.2 ± 6.097 % combined disorders were observed. The mean Level of Health Status (LSS) score was 9.46±0.467. Cluster analysis identified three groups: high decrement (100 % impaired mobility and pain; additional impairments in usual activities, self-care, and anxiety in 43.8 %, 31.3 %, and 37.5 %, respectively); moderate-to-high decrement (anxiety 100 %; impairments in usual activities 85.7 %, pain/discomfort 64.3 %, mobility 57.1 %, self-care 35.7 %); and moderate decrement (pain/discomfort 70.8 %, mobility 45.8 %, self-care 33.3 %, anxiety 37.5 %, usual activities 33.3 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Among hospitalized patients with T2DM in Almaty, subjective health ratings were low, with pain/discomfort, mobility, and anxiety/depression exerting the greatest impact on HRQoL. These findings were consistently demonstrated by EQ-5D-5L, EQ VAS, and cluster analysis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диабет</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>EQ-5D-5L</kwd><kwd>EQ VAS</kwd><kwd>иерархический кластерный анализ</kwd><kwd>Казахстан.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 2 diabetes</kwd><kwd>health-related quality of life</kwd><kwd>EQ-5D-5L</kwd><kwd>EQ VAS</kwd><kwd>hierarchical cluster analysis</kwd><kwd>Kazakhstan.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>нет</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun H., et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045 // Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. – 2022. – Vol. 183. – P. 109119. – DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109119.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045ю [Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 183 (2022) 109119] Hong Suna et others.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Burden of Disease 2021. Findings from the GBD 2021 Study. – Washington: IHME, 2024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Burden of Disease 2021. Findings from the GBD 2021 Study, WA: IHME, 2024.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cao X., et al. Global epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis // BMC Medicine. – 2024. – Vol. 22. – Art. 101. – DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03315-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cao et al. Global epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1186 /s 12916 - 024-03315-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beissova A., Kamkhen V., Turbekova M., Malgazhdarov M., Koshkimbayeva S., Kozhabek L. Epidemiological Features of Diabetes in Kazakhstan in 2018–2021 (Population Study) // Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran. – 2023. – Vol. 37. – P. 35. – DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.37.35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ainagul Beissova 1, Vitaly Kamkhen 2, Mira Turbekova 3,*, Maulen Malgazhdarov 4, Sabira Koshkimbayeva 2, Lyaila Kozhabek 2. Epidemiological Features of Diabetes in Kazakhstan in 2018-2021 (Population Study).Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2023 Apr 10;37:35. doi: 10.47176/mjiri.37.35</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saleh F., Ara F., Mumu S. J., Hafez M. A. Assessment of health-related quality of life of Bangladeshi patients with type 2 diabetes using the EQ-5D: a cross-sectional study // BMC Research Notes. – 2015. – Vol. 8. – P. 497. – DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1453-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saleh F, Ara F, Mumu SJ, Hafez MA. Assessment of health-related quality of life of Bangladeshi patients with type 2 diabetes using the EQ-5D: a cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:497</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Młyńczak K., Golicki D. Validity of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire among the general population of Poland // Quality of Life Research. – 2021. – Vol. 30, № 3. – P. 817-829. – DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02667-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katarzyna Młyńczak, Dominik Golicki .Validity of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire among the general population of Poland. Qual Life Res. 2021 Mar;30(3):817-829. doi: 10.1007/s11136-020-02667-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jankowska A., Golicki D. EQ-5D-5L-based quality of life normative data for patients with self-reported diabetes in Poland // PLoS ONE. – 2021. – Vol. 16(9). – Article No. e0257998. – DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257998.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">3EQ-5D-5L-based quality of life normative data for patients with self-reported diabetes in Poland. Agnieszka Jankowska 1, Dominik Golicki 2. OI: 10.1371/     journal .pone. 0257998</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jackson I. L., Isah A., Arikpo A. O. Assessing health-related quality of life of people with diabetes in Nigeria using the EQ-5D-5L: a cross-sectional study // Scientific Reports. – 2023. – Vol. 13. – Article No. 22536. – DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49322-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Assessing health-related quality of life of people with diabetes in Nigeria using the EQ-5D-5L: a cross-sectional study.IL Jackson, A Isah, AO Arikpo - Scientific Reports, 2023 - nature.com</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haftu H. K., Aberhe D. H. W. Health-Related Quality of Life Using EQ-5D-3L Utility Score Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Experiences from Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia // Patient Preference and Adherence. – 2022. – Vol. 16. – P. 3143-3155. – DOI: 10.2147/PPA.S324586.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Health-Related Quality of Life Using EQ-5D-3L Utility Score Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Experiences from Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia Patient Preference and Adherence. Hiluf Kalayou Haftu1, Damen Hailemariam Woldu Aberhe. Patient Preference and Adherence 2022:16 3143–3155</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tarekegn T. B., Kassaw A. T., Taye A. D., Girmaw F., Ashagrie G. Evaluating health-related quality of life in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis of EQ-5D-based studies // Frontiers in Epidemiology. – 2020. – Vol. 4. – Article No. 1455822. DOI: 10.1007/s13300-020-00938-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">T. B. Tarekegn, D.G., A. T. Kassaw, A.D.Taye, F. Girmaw and G.Ashagrie. Evaluating health-related quality of life in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis of EQ-5D-based studies. Frontiers in Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-020-00938-3).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bailey H. H., Janssen M. F., Varela R. O., Moreno J. A. EQ-5D-5L Population Norms and Health Inequality in Colombia // Value in Health Regional Issues. – 2024. – Vol. 26. – P. 24-32. – DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.12.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Henry H. Bailey, PhD, Mathieu F. Janssen, PhD, Rodrigo O. Varela, PhD, Jhon A. Moreno, Med. EQ-5D-5L Population Norms and Health Inequality in Colombia. Elsevier. Value in Health Regional Issues.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prabowo M. H., Febrinasari R. P., Pamungkasari E. P., Mahendradhata Y., Pulkki-Brännström A. M., &amp; Probandari A. Health-related Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Measured with the Bahasa Indonesia Version of EQ-5D in Primary Care Settings in Indonesia // Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi. – 2023. – Vol. 56(5). – P. 467-474. – DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.23.229.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Health-related Quality of Life of Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Measured With the Bahasa Indonesia Version of EQ-5D in Primary Care Settings in Indonesia</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Safieddine M., Bruneau L., Soulaimana I., et al. Quality of life assessment in diabetic patients: validity of the creole version of the EQ-5D-5L in Reunion Island // Front. Psychol. – 2023. – Vol. 14. – Aricle No. 1185316. – DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.118531.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quality of life assessment in diabetic patients: validity of the creole version of the EQ-5D-5L in Reunion Island.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ishii N., Takamura N., Nishioka Y., Langer J., et al. Quality of Life and Utility Values for Cost-Effectiveness Modeling in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes // Diabetes Therapy. – 2020. – Vol. 11. – P. 2931-2943. – DOI: 10.1007/s13300-020-00938-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hitoshi Ishii . Hiroshi Takamura . Yuichi Nishioka . Jakob Langer . Michihisa Watanabe . Hyunchung Ray Kim . Bruce Crawford. Quality of Life and Utility Values for Cost-Effectiveness Modeling in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Ther (2020) 11:2931–2943. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-020-00938-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Idongesit L. J., Abdulmuminu I., Abam O. A. Assessing health-related quality of life of people with diabetes in Nigeria using the EQ-5D-5L: a cross-sectional study // Scientific Reports. – 2023. – Vol. 13, № 1. – P. 22536. – DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49322-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Assessing health‑related quality of life of people with diabetes in Nigeria using the EQ‑5D‑5L: a cross‑sectional study Idongesit Linus Jackson 1*, Abdulmuminu Isah 2 &amp; Abam Onen Arikpo</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chantzaras A., Yfantopoulos J. Association between medication adherence and health-related quality of life of patients with diabetes // Hormones (Athens). – 2022. – Vol. 21, № 4. – P. 691-705. – DOI: 10.1007/s42000-022-00400-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Association between medication adherence and health-related quality of life of patients with diabetes.A Chantzaras, J Yfantopoulos - Hormones, 2022 Hormones (Athens). 2022 Dec;21(4):691-705. doi: 10.1007/s42000-022-00400-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koh D., Abdullah A. M. K., Wang P., Lin N., Luo N. Validation of Brunei's Malay EQ-5D questionnaire in patients with type 2 diabetes // PLoS ONE. – 2016. – Vol. 11(11). – Article No. e0165555. – DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165555.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Validation of Brunei's Malay EQ-5D questionnaire in patients with type 2 diabetes</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alsudairy N. M., Alzaidi S. M., Alghamdi A. G., Alrashidi M. S., Altashkandi D. A. Quality of Life and Its Determinants Among Individuals with Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey // Cureus. – 2024. – Vol. 16. – № 9. – Article No. 69394. – DOI: 10.7759/cureus.69394.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D Koh, AMK Abdullah, P Wang, N Lin, N Luo - PLoS One, 2016 - journals.plos.org</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Din M., et al. Quality of life in elderly people with type 2 diabetes using EQ-5D-5L tool: a case control study // The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine. – 2022. – Vol. 34. – P. 91. – DOI: 10.1186/s43162-022-00177-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quality of Life and Its Determinants Among Individuals With Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">EQ-5D-5L Опросник по здоровью. Русская версия для Казахстана // EuroQol Group EQ-5D™. – 2013. – URL: https://euroqol.org (Accessed: 05.06.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alsudairy NM, Alzaidi SM, Alghamdi AG, Alrashidi MS, Altashkandi DA.Cureus. 2024 Sep 14;16(9):e69394. doi: 10.7759/cureus.69394. eCollection 2024 Sep.PMID: 39411615 Free PMC article.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu R. H., Sun R., Tian L., Cheung A. W.-l., Wong E. L. Quality of life in primary care patients: a comparison between EQ-5D-5L utility score and EQ-visual analogue scale // Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. – 2024. – Vol. 22. – Article No. 2. – DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02215-w.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">AL‑Din et al. The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine              https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162‑022‑00177‑x  Quality of life in elderly people with type 2 diabetes using EQ‑5D‑5L tool: a case control study.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li H., Ji M., Scott P., Dunbar-Jacob J. M. The Effect of Symptom Clusters on Quality of Life Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes // The Diabetes Educator. – 2019. – Vol. 45. – № 3. – P. 287-294. – DOI: 10.1177/0145721719837902.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Health-related quality of life in primary care patients: a comparison between EQ-5D-5L utility score and EQ-visual analogue scale. Richard Huan Xu, Ruiqi Sun, Lidan Tian, Annie Wai-ling Cheung &amp; Eliza Laiyi Wong .Health and Quality of Life Outcomes volume 22, Article number: 2 (2024)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaw C., Longworth L., Bennett B., McEntee-Richardson L., Shaw J. W. A Review of the Use of EQ-5D for Clinical Outcome Assessment in Health Technology Assessment, Regulatory Claims, and Published Literature // Patient. – 2024. – Vol. 17, № 3. – P. 251. – DOI: 10.1007/s40271-024-00682-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Effect of Symptom Clusters on Quality of Life Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Hongjin Li 1, Meihua Ji 2, Paul Scott 3, Jacqueline M Dunbar-Jacob 4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lui J. N. M., Lau E. S. H., Yang A., et al. Temporal associations of diabetes-related complications with health-related quality of life decrements in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective study among 19 322 adults (JADE register, 2007-2018) // Journal of Diabetes. – 2024. – Vol. 16. – № 6. – Article No. 13503. – DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13503.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diabetes Educ . 2019 Jun;45(3):287-294. doi: 10.1177/0145721719837902</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jing X., Chen J., Dong Y., et al. Related factors of quality of life of type 2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis // Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. – 2018. – Vol. 16. – P. 189. – DOI: 10.1186/s12955-018-1021-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">.Shaw C, Longworth L, Bennett B, McEntee-Richardson L, Shaw JW. A Review of the Use of EQ-5D for Clinical Outcome Assessment in Health Technology Assessment, Regulatory Claims, and Published Literature. Patient. 2024 May;17(3):251. doi: 10.1007/s40271-024-00682-x.PMID: 38416358</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Juliana N M Lui, Eric S H Lau , Aimin Yang, Hongjiang Wu, Amy Fu, Vanessa Lau, Kitman Loo, Theresa Yeung, Rebecca Yue, Ronald C W Ma, Alice P S Kong  Risa Ozaki, Andrea O Y Luk, Elaine Y K Chow, Juliana C N Chan. Temporal associations of diabetes-related complications with health-related quality of life decrements in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective study among 19 322 adults - Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) register (2007-2018). J Diabetes. 2024 Jun;16(6): e 13503. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.13503.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Juliana N M Lui, Eric S H Lau , Aimin Yang, Hongjiang Wu, Amy Fu, Vanessa Lau, Kitman Loo, Theresa Yeung, Rebecca Yue, Ronald C W Ma, Alice P S Kong  Risa Ozaki, Andrea O Y Luk, Elaine Y K Chow, Juliana C N Chan. Temporal associations of diabetes-related complications with health-related quality of life decrements in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective study among 19 322 adults - Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) register (2007-2018). J Diabetes. 2024 Jun;16(6): e 13503. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.13503.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Related factors of quality of life of type 2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Xiyue Jing†, Jiageng Chen†, Yanan Dong, Duolan Han, Haozuo Zhao, Xuying Wang, Fei Gao, Changping Li, Zhuang Cui, Yuanyuan Liu and Jun Ma. Jing et al. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (2018) 16:189 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-018-1021-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Related factors of quality of life of type 2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Xiyue Jing†, Jiageng Chen†, Yanan Dong, Duolan Han, Haozuo Zhao, Xuying Wang, Fei Gao, Changping Li, Zhuang Cui, Yuanyuan Liu and Jun Ma. Jing et al. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (2018) 16:189 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-018-1021-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Effect of Symptom Clusters on Quality of Life Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Hongjin Li 1, Meihua Ji 2, Paul Scott 3, Jacqueline M Dunbar-Jacob 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Effect of Symptom Clusters on Quality of Life Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Hongjin Li 1, Meihua Ji 2, Paul Scott 3, Jacqueline M Dunbar-Jacob 4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diabetes Educ. 2019 Jun;45(3):287-294. doi: 10.1177/0145721719837902</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diabetes Educ. 2019 Jun;45(3):287-294. doi: 10.1177/0145721719837902</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
