medinfoАктуальные проблемы теоретической и клинической медициныActual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine2790-12892790-1297Казахстанско-Российский медицинский университет10.64854/2790-1289-2025-49-3-12medinfo-690Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVEWSПОТЕНЦИАТОРЫ АНТИБИОТИКОВ КАК АЛЬТЕРНАТИВА НОВЫМ АНТИБИОТИКАМ: ОБЗОР ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫХ ПОДХОДОВANTIBIOTICS POTENTIATORS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO NEW ANTIBIOTICS: A REVIEW OF PROMISING APPROACHEShttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0397-7840КоротецкийИ. С.KorotetskiyI. S.laeda1@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-3948КузнецоваТ. В.KuznetsovaT. V.raduga.30@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9490-9300ШиловС. В.ShilovS. V.sergey_0603@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6436-803XЗубенкоН. В.ZubenkoN. V.zubenkonatalie@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7194-0556ИвановаЛ. Н.IvanovaL. N.lyudmila_69.69@mail.ruАО «Научный центр противоинфекционных препаратов», ТОО «Научно-производственное объединение «Казфармаком»КазахстанScientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs, Research and Production Association KazpharmacomKazakhstanАО «Научный центр противоинфекционных препаратов»КазахстанScientific Center for Anti-Infectious DrugsKazakhstanАО «Научный центр противоинфекционных препаратов», НАО «Казахский национальный медицинский университет имени С. Д. Асфендиярова»КазахстанScientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical UniversityKazakhstan20252509202503174190Copyright © Коротецкий И.С., Кузнецова Т.В., Шилов С.В., Зубенко Н.В., Иванова Л.Н., 20252025Коротецкий И.С., Кузнецова Т.В., Шилов С.В., Зубенко Н.В., Иванова Л.Н.Korotetskiy I.S., Kuznetsova T.V., Shilov S.V., Zubenko N.V., Ivanova L.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/690

Устойчивость микроорганизмов к антимикробным препаратам является одной из глобальных проблем современной медицины, создающей угрозу для проведения эффективной профилактики и лечения постоянно возрастающего числа инфекций. Одним из путей ее решения является применение веществ, потенцирующих действие ранее утративших свою активность антибиотиков. Потенциаторы представляют собой альтернативу разработке новых антибиотиков.

Цель

Цель. Изучить перспективы использования веществ, выступающих в качестве потенциаторов антибиотиков и оценить механизмы бактериальной устойчивости к этим веществам.

Методы и материалы

Методы и материалы. Систематический поиск литературы был проведен в международных базах данных Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science и Cochrane Library и охватывал публикации за последние 5 лет. В анализ включались статьи, находящиеся в открытом доступе, при этом препринты, а также дублирующие или частично совпадающие публикации исключались. В качестве критериев включения рассматривались рецензируемые обзоры и оригинальные научные статьи. Поиск релевантных публикаций осуществлялся по ключевым словам: «antibiotic potentiator», «antibiotic adjuvant» и «antibiotic resistance». На этапе идентификации было обнаружено более 1000 статей. В процессе скрининга исключались дубликаты и публикации, не соответствующие тематике исследования, после чего для анализа было отобрано 117 статей. На заключительном этапе, с учетом критериев включения и исключения, в итоговый обзор вошли 37 публикаций.

Результаты

Результаты. Анализ данных показал, что применение потенциаторов антибиотиков, способно вновь сделать устойчивые бактериальные штаммы чувствительными к противомикробным препаратам. Наиболее перспективными являются потенциаторы, выступающие в качестве пермеабилизаторов мембран, ингибиторов эффлюксных насосов и β-лактамаз.

Выводы

Выводы. Потенциаторы антибиотиков представляют собой инновационный подход, нацеленный на восстановление активности уже существующих препаратов против устойчивых к ним патогенов. Тем не менее, внедрение потенциаторов в широкой клинике сопряжено с определенными трудностями (токсичность, регуляторные барьеры, сложность совместной доставки с антибиотиком, возможная эволюция резистентности к адъювантам). Чтобы преодолеть эти преграды, необходимы дальнейшие целенаправленные исследования и поддержка со стороны международного сообщества. Потенциаторы антибиотиков – не просто теоретическая концепция, а реальный инструмент, способный выиграть время в гонке с супербактериями.

Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem in modern medicine, posing a threat to the effective prevention and treatment of an ever-increasing number of infections. One way to address this problem is to use substances that potentiate the action of previously inactive antibiotics. Potentiators represent an alternative to the development of new antibiotics. The purpose of the study. To study the potential use of substances that act as antibiotic potentiators and to evaluate the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to these substances.Materials and Methods. A systematic literature search was conducted in the international databases Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, covering publications from the past 5 years. Articles available in open access were included in the analysis, while preprints, duplicates, and overlapping publications were excluded. Inclusion criteria allowed peer-reviewed reviews and original research articles. The search for relevant publications was conducted using the keywords «antibiotic potentiator», «antibiotic adjuvant», and «antibiotic resistance». More than 1,000 articles were identified during the identification stage. Duplicate articles and publications not relevant to the study topic were excluded during screening, after which 117 articles were selected for analysis. At the final stage, 37 publications were included in the final review based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results. Data analysis showed that the use of antibiotic potentiators can resuscitate resistant bacterial strains. The most promising potentiators are those that act as membrane permeabilizers, efflux pump inhibitors, and β-lactamase inhibitors.Conclusions. Antibiotic potentiators represent an innovative approach aimed at restoring the activity of existing drugs against resistant pathogens. However, the widespread clinical adoption of potentiators is fraught with challenges (toxicity, regulatory barriers, difficulty co-delivering with antibiotics, and potential for resistance to adjuvants). To overcome these barriers, further targeted research and support from the international community are needed. Antibiotic potentiators are not just a theoretical concept, but a real tool capable of winning time in the race against superbugs.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.