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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medinfo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Актуальные проблемы теоретической и клинической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Actual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2790-1289</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-1297</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахстанско-Российский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.64854/2790-1289-2025-50-4-10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medinfo-841</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К ВОПРОСУ О СТАНДАРТНОМ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИИ СЛУЧАЯ КЛЕЩЕВЫХ ВОЗВРАТНЫХ ЛИХОРАДОК</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ON THE ISSUE OF THE STANDARD DEFINITION OF TICK-BORNE RELAPSING FEVER CASE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4714-3079</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитровский</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrovskiy</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">am_dmitr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-2145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сыздыков</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Syzdykov</surname><given-names>М. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">marat.syzdykov47@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3694-2259</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адил</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adil</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, ассоциированный профессор, заведующая кафедрой инфекционных болезней Казахстано-Российский медицинского университета, email – ospanbekova@mail.ru; ORSID: 0009-0004-5321-0543</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alibekadil@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-2534</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бисенбай</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bisenbay</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">akerke.bissenbay@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5125-3778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулигин</surname><given-names>A. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuligin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kuligin.artyoom@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5321-0543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оспанбекова</surname><given-names>Н. K.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ospanbekova</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ospanbekova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-423X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остапчук</surname><given-names>Е. O.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostapchuk</surname><given-names>Ye. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">katyostapchuk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НУО «Казахстанско-Российский медицинский университет»;&#13;
Филиал ТОО «Национальный центр биотехнологии»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">NEI «Kazakh-Russian Medical University»;&#13;
National Center for Biotechnology<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">НУО «Казахстанско-Российский медицинский университет»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">NEI «Kazakh-Russian Medical University»<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Филиал ТОО «Национальный центр биотехнологии»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Center for Biotechnology<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>148</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дмитровский А., Сыздыков М., Адил А., Бисенбай A., Кулигин A., Оспанбекова Н., Остапчук Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дмитровский А., Сыздыков М., Адил А., Бисенбай A., Кулигин A., Оспанбекова Н., Остапчук Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dmitrovskiy A., Syzdykov М., Adil A., Bisenbay A., Kuligin A., Ospanbekova N., Ostapchuk Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/841">https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/841</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Клещевые трансмиссивные инфекции вызывают боррелии, относящиеся к группам Лайм боррелиоза, вызываемых геновидами Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, и возвратных лихорадок, к которым относится Borrelia miyamotoi.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Разработка стандартного определения случая клещевых возвратных лихорадок для проведения дифференциальной диагностики с инфекциями со сходными клиническими проявлениями, а также понимания широкой медицинской общественностью их клинических проявлений и особенностей лабораторной диагностики.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ клинико-эпидемиологических проявлений подтвержденных случаев клещевых возвратных лихорадок по данным литературных источников; выполнено исследование методом полимеразной цепной реакции 521 клеща, собранного с растительности, и 54 клещей, снятых с укушенных лиц, а также самих укушенных в динамике и 42 лихорадящих больных методом иммуночипа. Полимеразная цепная реакция была положительнойу 27/521 (5,2 %) и 1/54 (1,9 %) клещей, соответственно. Из 61 образца, полученного от пациентов, 8,2 % (5/61) были положительные по антителам к различным антигенам боррелий.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Разработанное на основе литературных данных определение, состоящее из этапов предположительного, вероятного и подтвержденного случая, было применено для выявления случаев клещевой возвратной лихорадки, при этом все эти случаи соответствовали стандартному определению.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Таким образом, клещевые возвратные лихорадки имеют распространение в группе лихорадок неясной этиологии и укушенных клещами людей, хотя эта инфекция не входит в официальную регистрацию и, соответственно, отсутствует эпидемиологический надзор. Для повышения осведомленности и настороженности у медицинских работников разработано стандартное определение случая боррелиозных клещевых возвратных лихорадок, которое так же, как разработанный протокол лабораторной диагностики, необходимо широко внедрить в систему эпиднадзор за клещевыми инфекциями в регионах Республики Казахстан.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Tick-borne infections caused by Borrelia belonging to the Lyme borreliosis groups (B. burgdorferi sensu lato) and relapsing fevers, which include B. miyamotoi.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To develop a standard case definition for tick-borne relapsing fever, for differential diagnosis with infections with similar clinical manifestations, and for the general medical community to understand their clinical manifestations and laboratory features.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We analyzed the clinical and epidemiological manifestations of confirmed cases of tick-borne relapsing fevers according to the literature, conducted a polymerase chain reaction study of 521 ticks collected from vegetation and 54 ticks removed from bitten individuals and the bitten themselves in dynamics, and analyzed 42 febrile patients using the immunochip method. The polymerase chain reaction was positive in 27/521 (5.2 %) and 1/54 (1.9 %) ticks, respectively. Of the 61 patient samples, 8.2 % (5/61) were positive for antibiotics targeting various Borrelia antigens.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We used the definitions of suspected, probable, and confirmed cases, developed based on the literature, and identified cases of tick-borne relapsing fever that corresponded to the standard definitions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Thus, tick-borne relapsing fevers are common among the group of fevers of unknown etiology and among people bitten by ticks, although this infection is not included in official registration and, accordingly, there is no epidemiological surveillance. To increase awareness and alertness among medical professionals, we have developed a standard definition of the case of tick-borne borreliosis relapsing fever, which, along with the developed laboratory diagnostic protocol, needs to be widely implemented in the system of tick-borne infection surveillance in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Боррелия</kwd><kwd>клещевые возвратные лихорадки</kwd><kwd>borrelia burgdorferi</kwd><kwd>иксоды</kwd><kwd>клещи</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd><kwd>borrelia miyamotoi</kwd><kwd>Казахстан.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Borrelia</kwd><kwd>tick-borne relapsing fever</kwd><kwd>Borrelia burgdorferi</kwd><kwd>Ixodes</kwd><kwd>ticks</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction</kwd><kwd>Borrelia miyamotoi</kwd><kwd>Kazakhstan.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках программы BR24992881 «Разработка клеточных, геномных и протеомных технологий для диагностики социально-значимых заболеваний в Республике Казахстан», финансируемой Комитетом науки Министерства науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parte, A. 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