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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medinfo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Актуальные проблемы теоретической и клинической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Actual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2790-1289</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-1297</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахстанско-Российский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.64854/2790-1289-2026-51-1-02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medinfo-853</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ ДИНАМИКА И ПРОГНОЗ: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ЕСТЕСТВЕННОГО ПРИРОСТА НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ И ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ АЛМАТЫ ДО 2030 ГОД</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DEMOGRAPHIC DYNAMICS AND FORECAST: TRENDS IN NATURAL POPULATION INCREASE IN KAZAKHSTAN AND THE DEMOGRAPHIC RESILIENCE OF ALMATY TILL 2030</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6837-1287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абзалиева</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Аbzaliyeva</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абзалиева Акерке Рахманбердиевна – магистр медицинских наук, докторант кафедры общественного здоровья и социальных наук</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bot.abz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9435-8841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лактионова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laktionova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лактионова Мария Владимировна – PhD, преподаватель кафедры общественного здоровья и социальных наук</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariya070692@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0219-7874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баймуратова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baimuratova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баймуратова Майраш Аушатовна – кандидат медицинских наук, ассоциированный профессор</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mairash@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7412-4729</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Досмаилова</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dosmailova</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Досмаилова Индира Мурзабековна – магистр медицинских наук, лектор кафедры биостатистики и организации научных исследований</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hadishah@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5554-5342</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абзалиев</surname><given-names>Ж. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abzaliyev</surname><given-names>Zh. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абзалиев Жандос Рахманбердиевич – магистр медицинских наук, докторант кафедры общественного здоровья и социальных наук</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Zhan.abv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4748-0155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Өзбекбай</surname><given-names>Ұ. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ozbekbay</surname><given-names>U. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Өзбекбай Ұлжан Жексенбайқызы – магистрант общественного здравоохранения; врач акушер гинеколог, репродуктолог в клинике «ECO Otbasy»</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhan_14.11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахстанский медицинский университет «Высшая школа общественного здравоохранения»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kazakhstan’s medical university «KSPH»<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный медицинский университет им. С. Д. Асфендиярова<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абзалиева А.Р., Лактионова М.В., Баймуратова М.А., Досмаилова И.М., Абзалиев Ж.Р., Өзбекбай Ұ.Ж., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абзалиева А.Р., Лактионова М.В., Баймуратова М.А., Досмаилова И.М., Абзалиев Ж.Р., Өзбекбай Ұ.Ж.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Аbzaliyeva A.R., Laktionova M.V., Baimuratova M.A., Dosmailova I.M., Abzaliyev Z.R., Ozbekbay U.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/853">https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/853</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Снижение уровня рождаемости и старение населения остаются ключевыми демографическими вызовами, оказывающими влияние на устойчивость систем здравоохранения и долгосрочное социально-экономическое развитие.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проанализировать динамику демографических показателей в Республике Казахстан и городе Алматы за период 2000-2024 гг. и спрогнозировать естественный прирост населения на основе методов временных рядов с учётом выявленных тенденций.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проанализированы официальные статистические данные Бюро национальной статистики Республики Казахстан по рождаемости, смертности и естественному приросту населения. Рассчитаны абсолютные и относительные темпы роста, коэффициенты роста, проведён анализ динамических рядов. Прогнозирование выполнено с использованием модели двойного экспоненциального сглаживания Брауна (для рождаемости) и ARIMA-моделей (для смертности) с горизонтом прогноза 2025–2030 гг. Качество моделей оценивалось по коэффициенту детерминации (R²) и диагностике остатков (критерий Льюнга-Бокса).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В Республике Казахстан в 2020–2024 гг. число рождений снизилось на 14,25 % (с 426 726 до 365 923), смертность – на 17,42 % (с 160 962 до 132 916), что сопровождалось сокращением естественного прироста на 12,33 % (с 265 764 до 233 007). В городе Алматы снижение рождаемости составило 3,34 %, смертности – 15,55 %, при этом естественный прирост увеличился на 4,98 % и достиг 22 196 человек.</p><p>Согласно прогнозу, в Казахстане ожидается дальнейшее снижение рождаемости – с 347,1 тыс. в 2025 г. до 249,5 тыс. к 2030 г. при относительно стабильной смертности, что приведёт к сокращению естественного прироста до 105,0 тыс. человек. В Алматы прогнозируется умеренный рост рождаемости (с 35,2 тыс. до 39,2 тыс.) при стабильной смертности, что обеспечит увеличение естественного прироста до 26,9 тыс. человек.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Выявлены разнонаправленные демографические тенденции: усиление демографического давления на национальном уровне и относительная устойчивость мегаполиса. Прогнозные оценки следует интерпретировать с осторожностью, учитывая инерционный характер моделей временных рядов и отсутствие учёта внешних демографических и социально-экономических факторов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Declining fertility and population aging remain key demographic challenges affecting the sustainability of healthcare systems and long-term socio-economic development.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To analyze demographic dynamics in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the city of Almaty for 2000-2024 and to forecast births, deaths, and natural population increase for 2025-2030 using time-series analysis methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Official statistical data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan on births, deaths, and natural population increase were analyzed. Absolute and relative growth rates, as well as growth coefficients, were calculated, and time-series dynamics were assessed. Forecasting was performed using the Brown double-exponential smoothing model for births and ARIMA models for deaths, with a projection horizon of 2025–2030. Model quality was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R²) and residual diagnostics (Ljung–Box test).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In Kazakhstan, from 2020 to 2024, the number of births declined by 14.25 % (from 426,726 to 365,923), the number of deaths decreased by 17.42 % (from 160,962 to 132,916), resulting in a 12.33 % reduction in natural population increase (from 265,764 to 233,007). In Almaty, the number of births decreased by 3.34 % and the number of deaths by 15.55 %, while the natural population increase rose by 4.98 % to 22,196, reflecting a relatively more stable demographic situation.</p><p>Forecast estimates indicate a further decline in the number of births in Kazakhstan – from 347.1 thousand in 2025 to 249.5 thousand by 2030 – with relatively stable mortality, leading to a reduction in natural increase to 105.0 thousand. In Almaty, moderate growth in births (from 35.2 to 39.2 thousand) alongside stable deaths is expected to increase the natural population growth to 26.9 thousand.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Divergent demographic trajectories were identified: increasing demographic pressure at the national level and relative stability in the metropolis. Forecast estimates should be interpreted cautiously, given the inertial nature of time-series models and the lack of external demographic and socio-economic determinants in the projections.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>демография</kwd><kwd>рождаемость</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>естественный прирост населения</kwd><kwd>Казахстан</kwd><kwd>прогноз.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>demography</kwd><kwd>births</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>natural population growth</kwd><kwd>Kazakhstan</kwd><kwd>forecast.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cervero, R. M., &amp; Daley, B. J. (2018). The need and curricula for health professions education graduate programs. 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