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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medinfo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Актуальные проблемы теоретической и клинической медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Actual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2790-1289</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-1297</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казахстанско-Российский медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.64854/2790-1289-2026-51-1-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medinfo-871</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ ОБ ИММУНОПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ ПСОРИАЗА И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ АНТИСЕНС-ТЕРАПИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MODERN CONCEPTS OF THE IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS OF PSORIASIS AND THE PROSPECTS OF ANTISENSE THERAPY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6189-7817</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусилим</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mussilim</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">muslim.m@kaznmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3238-9893</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балабекова</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balabekova</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">balabekova.m@kaznmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9337-7728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кайранбаева</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kairanbayeva</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kairanbayeva.g@kaznmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7761-8454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оспанбекова</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ospanbekova</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ospanbekova.d@kaznmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6775-4358</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайитова</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaiitova</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">khaiitova.m@kaznmu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5034-5875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мырзагулова</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myrzagulova</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sirsulu_68@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Казахский национальный медицинский университет имени&#13;
С. Д. Асфендиярова»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">«Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University» JSC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>220</fpage><lpage>237</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мусилим М.Б., Балабекова М.К., Кайранбаева Г.К., Оспанбекова Д.М., Хайитова М.Д., Мырзагулова С.E., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мусилим М.Б., Балабекова М.К., Кайранбаева Г.К., Оспанбекова Д.М., Хайитова М.Д., Мырзагулова С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mussilim M.B., Balabekova M.K., Kairanbayeva G.K., Ospanbekova D.M., Khaiitova M.D., Myrzagulova S.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/871">https://kazrosmedjournal.krmu.edu.kz/jour/article/view/871</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность: Псориаз представляет собой хроническое воспалительное заболевание, для которого характерна полигенная природа и ведущая роль иммунных механизмов. В его основе лежит поражение кожи и суставов. Клинически заболевание проявляется эритематозными высыпаниями, покрытыми серебристыми чешуйками. Несмотря на значительный прогресс в изучении патогенетических процессов и внедрение таргетных биологических препаратов, добиться устойчивого длительного контроля заболевания пока не удаётся. В большинстве случаев течение псориаза остаётся волнообразным, с частыми рецидивами. В этой связи сохраняется высокая потребность в разработке новых терапевтических стратегий, направленных на коррекцию ключевых звеньев патогенеза. Одним из перспективных направлений рассматривается применение антисенс-олигонуклеотидов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: проанализировать современные концепции иммунопатогенеза псориаза и оценить терапевтический потенциал антисенс-олигонуклеотидов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: Обзор был написан на основе научных баз данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect и Cochrane Library. Отбор проводился между статьями, опубликованными с 2010 по сентябрь 2025 года. Критерии включения в исследование включали статьи, опубликованные в рецензируемых научных журналах, посвященные иммунному патогенезу псориаза, сигнальным осям IL-23/IL-17 и IL-36, а также терапевтическому потенциалу антисмысловых олигонуклеотидов. Были выбраны публикации, полный текст которых доступен и непосредственно связан с темой исследования. Критерии исключения включали статьи, не имеющие прямого отношения к теме исследования, повторяющиеся публикации, тезисы конференций, письма в редакцию и работы, полный текст которых недоступен.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Анализ современных публикаций показывает, что в иммунопатогенезе псориаза ключевое значение имеют оси IL-23/IL-17 и IL-36. Эти сигнальные пути поддерживают хроническое воспаление и способствуют патологической пролиферации кератиноцитов. Полученные данные указывают, что антисенс-олигонуклеотиды могут стать перспективным направлением патогенетической терапии и расширить возможности целевого лечения псориаза.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: Псориаз – одно из хронических иммунных заболеваний, при котором оси IL-23/IL-17 и IL-36 играют ведущую роль в развитии нарушения пролиферации кератиноцитов и формировании устойчивых воспалительных механизмов. Антисмысловые олигонуклеотиды, используемые в его лечении, избирательно воздействуют на основные звенья заболевания, подавляя экспрессию генов, вызывающих заболевание. Хотя упомянутый метод является одним из обнадеживающих направлений целенаправленной коррекции заболевания на молекулярном уровне, существует необходимость более глубокого изучения эффективности и безопасности подхода для его внедрения в клиническую практику.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by its polygenic nature and the leading role of immune mechanisms. It is based on skin and joint damage. Clinically, the disease is characterized by erythematous rashes covered with silver scales. Despite significant progress in elucidating the pathogenesis and the introduction of targeted biological drugs, it has not yet been possible to achieve sustainable, long-term disease control. In this regard, there is a pressing need to develop new therapeutic strategies targeting key links in the pathogenesis. The use of antisense oligonucleotides is considered a promising therapeutic approach.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To analyze modern concepts of the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis and evaluate the therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library databases. Articles published from 2010 to September 2025 were selected for inclusion. Inclusion criteria comprised articles published in peer-reviewed journals focusing on the immune pathogenesis of psoriasis, the IL-23/IL-17 and IL-36 signaling axes, and the therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides. Only publications with full-text availability and direct relevance to the research topic were considered for inclusion. Exclusion criteria included articles not directly relevant to the research topic, duplicate publications, conference abstracts, letters to the editor, and studies without full-text availability.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Analysis of recent articles in international scientific databases highlights the importance of the IL-23/IL-17 and IL-36 axes in the development of psoriasis. These signaling pathways support chronic inflammation and promote the pathological proliferation of keratinocytes. Moreover, the obtained data indicate that antisense oligonucleotides may represent a promising approach for pathogenetic therapy and can expand the possibilities for targeted treatment of psoriasis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-inflammatory disease. In its pathogenesis, the IL-23/IL-17 and IL-36 axes play a key role in the regulation of keratinocyte proliferation, leading to sustained inflammatory mechanisms. Antisense oligonucleotides used in its treatment selectively act on key pathogenic links by suppressing the expression of genes responsible for disease initiation. Although the aforementioned method represents one of the promising approaches for targeted intervention at the molecular level in the disease, there is a need for further in-depth investigation of its efficacy and safety before clinical implementation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>псориаз</kwd><kwd>иммунный патогенез псориаза</kwd><kwd>ось IL-23/17</kwd><kwd>ось IL-36/IL-36R</kwd><kwd>антисенс-олигонуклеотиды</kwd><kwd>лечение псориаза</kwd><kwd>антисенс-терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>psoriasi</kwd><kwd>immunopathogenesis of psoriasis</kwd><kwd>IL-23/17 axis</kwd><kwd>IL-36/IL-36R</kwd><kwd>antisense oligonucleotides</kwd><kwd>psoriasis treatment</kwd><kwd>antisense therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin, S et al. (2025). 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