Flavonoids are natural antioxidants
https://doi.org/10.24412/2790-1289-2024-1-42-49
Abstract
This review is dedicated to flavonoids, which are phenolic compounds synthesized in plants from phenylalanine. The unique structure of flavonoids – comprising benzene rings and OH-radicals – accounts for their high antioxidant activity. Dihydroquercetin, due to its strong antioxidant properties, possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory effects. Its inhibitory action on tumor tissue growth, as well as its ability to destroy cells of several emerging malignant neoplasms, has been confirmed through experiments on cell cultures, suggesting the potential effectiveness of dihydroquercetin as an antitumor agent.
The regulatory effect of this substance on various immune system reactions and the course of inflammatory processes characterizes it as an anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory agent, capable of reducing the damaging effects of various adverse environmental factors. While it does not act directly on the pathogen, by enhancing the resistance of biological membranes and barriers, it helps the body to manage the problem on its own.
About the Author
N. V. LeontyevaRussian Federation
St. Petersburg.
References
1. Skedina, M. A., Belozerova, I. N. and Dergacheva, L. I. (2008). Kompleksnoe issledovanie dinamiki sostoyaniya serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy pri ispol'zovanii preparatov digidrokvertsetina u bol'nykh s gipertoniei. Bulletin of Regenerative Medicine, 6 (28), 32–35.
2. Ternikova, E. M., Fedorova, E. P., Lapenko, V. V. et al. (2022). Opyt ispol'zovaniya digidrokvertsetina v metabolicheskoi korrektsii u naseleniya urbanizirovannogo sever. International Scientific Research Journal, 1 (115), 118-123.
3. Bors, W., Heller, W., Michel, C. and Saran, M. (1990) Flavonoids as antioxidants: Determination of radical-scavenging efficiencies. Methods in Enzymology, 186, 343-355.
4. Das, A., Baidya, R., Chakraborty, T. et al. (2021). Pharmacological basis and new insights of taxifolin: A comprehensive review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 142, 2-17.
5. Leont'eva, N. V. Digidrokvertsetin – prirodnyi antioksidant. Uchebnoe posobie SZGMU, 2018, 30 p.
6. Plotnikov, M. B., Maslov, M. YU., Aliev, O. I. et al. (2000). Poisk i izuchenie sredstv rastitel'nogo proiskhozhdeniya, obladayushchikh gemoreologicheskoi aktivnost'yu. Thrombosis, hemostasis and rheology, 3, 32-35.
7. Ligaa, U. (1997). Mongolyn ulamzhilt ehmnehlehgt ehmiin urgamlyg khehrehglehkh arga ba zhor (Lekarstvennye rasteniya i retsepty iz rastitel'nogo syr'ya, primenyaemye v mongol'skoi traditsionnoi meditsine). Ulan-Bator, 2, 395 p.
8. Tyukavkina, N. A., Rulenko, I. A. and Kolesnik, YU. A. (1997). Digidrokvertsetin - novaya antioksidantnaya i biologicheski aktivnaya pishchevaya dobavka. Nutrition issues, 6, 12-15.
9. Tarakhovskii, YU. S., Kim, YU. A., Abdrasilov, B. S., et al. (2013). Flavonoidy: biokhimiya, biofizika, meditsina. Synchrobook. Pushchino, 308 p.
10. Beloborodov V. L., Zurabyan S. E., Luzin A. P. and Tyukavkina N. A. (2003). Organicheskaya himiya. Osnovnoj kurs, Moscow, Drofa.
11. Crespo, I., García-Mediavilla, M. V., Gutiérrez, B., et al. (2008). A comparison of the effects of kaempferol and quercetin on cytokine-induced pro-inflammatory status of cultured human endothelial cells. British Journal of Nutrition, 100 (5), 968-976.
12. Crespo, I., García-Mediavilla, M. V., Almar, M. et al. (2007). The anti-inflammatory flavones quercetin and kaempferol cause inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and reactive C-protein. European journal of pharmacology, 557, 221-229.
13. Aliev, O. I., Sidekhmenova, A. V., Shamanaev, A. YU., et al. (2016). Mekhanizmy gipotenzivnogo deistviya digidrokvertsetina pri arterial'noi gipertenzii. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 9, 75-78.
14. Konkina, I. G., Grabovskii, S. A., Murinov, YU. I. et al. (2011). Sravnitel'naya otsenka reaktsionnoi sposobnosti kvertsetina i digidrokvertsetina po otnosheniyu k peroksil'nym radikalam. Chemistry of plant raw materials, 3, 2070-2086.
15. Dudonne, S., Vitrac, X., Coutiere, P. et al. (2009). Comparative Study of Antioxidant Properties and Total Phenolic Content of 30 Plant Extracts of Industrial Interest Using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD, and ORAC Assays. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 57, 5, 1768-1774.
16. Tyukavkina, N. A., Shostakovskii, M. F. and Devyatko, N. G. (1969). O raspredelenii flavonoidov v drevesine sibirskoi listvennitsy. News of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences, biological sciences, 3, 15, 77-83.
17. Kostina, G. P. (2006). Nou-khau pen'kovogo promysla. The expert, 16, 3-9.
18. Selivanova, I. A., Tyukavkina, N. A., Kolesnik, YU. A. et al. (1999). Issledovanie kristallicheskoi struktury digidrokvertsetina. Chemical and pharmaceutical journal, 33, 4, 51-53.
19. Tyukavkina, N. A., Khutoryanskii, V. A. and Bazhenov, B. N. (1997). Sposob polucheniya digidrokvertsetina. Patent 2091076, Russia, Published without a publisher, 27.
20. Weidemann, A. E. (2012). Dihydroquercetin: more that just an impurity? European Journal of Pharmacology, 684, 19-26.
21. Olimova, S., Tuychiboev, J., Shodiev, N. et al. (2021). The quercetin and dihydrocquercetin effect on small enzymes in case of hypothyroidism ozimi. National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 5-2 (83), 66-73.
22. Chmykhova, A. N, Artyushkova E. B. and Artyushkova E. V. Perspektiva primeneniya prirodnogo flavonoida digidrokvertsetina i ego kombinatsii s immunomodulyatorom GalaviT® v kompleksnom lechenii rasprostranennogo peritonita v ehksperimente. Bulletin of the Kursk State Agricultural Academy, 2014, 1, 62-65.
23. Zhang, Y, Liu, L, Yi, X, et al. (2014). Oxidative stress-induced calreticulin expression and translocation: new insights into the destruction of melanocytes. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 1 (134), 183-191.
24. Belaya, O. L., Baider, L. M., Kuropteva, Z. V. and Artamoshina N. E. (2009). Antioksidantnye svoistva bioflavonoida dikvertina. Collection of materials of the XVI Russian National Congress «Man and Medicine». Moscow, 37.
25. Ivanov, I. S., Sidekhmenova, A. V., Anishchenko, A. M. et al. (2001). Farmakologicheskaya aktivnost' kompozitsii na osnove digidrokvertsetina i lipoevoi kisloty. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine, 1, 43-47.
26. Leont'eva, N. V., Vetrovoi, O. V. (2022). Sravnitel'naya kharakteristika antioksidant-noi aktivnosti digidrokveretsetina, vitamina S, nefromona plyus, valemidina plyus, polioksidoniya. Current problems of theoretical and clinical medicine, 2 (36), 41-47.
27. Haider, S. S, Nayar, M. S. (2008). Arsenic induces oxidative stress, sphingolipidosis, depletes proteins and some antioxidants in various regions of rat brain. Kathmandu University Medical Journal, 1 (6), 60-69.
28. Haraguchi, H., Ohmi, I., Masuda, H. et al.(1996). Inhibition of aldose reductase by dihydroflavonols in Engelhardtia chrysolepis and effects on other enzymes. Experientia, 52(6), 564–567.
29. Prior, R. L., Wu, X. and Schaich, K. (2005). Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53, 4290-4302.
Review
For citations:
Leontyeva N.V. Flavonoids are natural antioxidants. Actual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine. 2024;(1):57-66. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24412/2790-1289-2024-1-42-49