PATIENT-CENTRED PERSPECTIVES ON STROKE CARE: CHALLENGES AND PRIORITIES

Worldwide, between 122 and 256 people per 100,000 population suffer from stroke annually, but in Kazakhstan, this number is much higher, from 258.4 to 433.7 cases per 100,000 between 2015 and 2020. The country also has the highest death rate from ischemic stroke in the world, reflecting problems such as late treatment, health inequalities, and limited rehabilitation opportunities. Human-centred care, which focuses on the needs of patients and their active role in recovery, can help bridge these gaps. However, little is known about how stroke survivors actually receive medical care in Kazakhstan. This study examines their opinions and perspectives to gain a deeper understanding of the barriers, outcomes, and opportunities for improvement.

The purpose of the study. To analyze the experiences and challenges faced by stroke patients during care and recovery.

Materials and Methods. A qualitative study was conducted in Almaty from May to August 2025, involving 31 stroke patients, who consented to face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Data were manually recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a two-step coding process – open coding followed by thematic coding. Two authors independently coded transcripts, with additional review to ensure reliability and validity.

Results. Out of 31 stroke patients surveyed, most were over 60 and retired, with 23 experiencing a stroke for the first time. Common risk factors included chronic conditions and low physical activity. Recovery varied, with many needing ongoing rehabilitation and clearer home care guidance. Patients highlighted delays in medical evaluations, limited specialist access, and insufficient psychological support. While 24 had digital access, older respondents often distrusted telemedicine. Faster ambulance response, public awareness campaigns, and more personalized care were key recommendations. Patients emphasized regular check-ups, physical activity, and emotional resilience as essential for recovery and prevention of future strokes.

Conclusions. Accessible, patient-centred stroke care is essential, especially for older adults, with urgent needs to reduce delays in diagnosis, improve rehabilitation access, and strengthen psychological support. Future efforts should focus on integrating digital tools, public education, and personalized care to support long-term recovery.

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