ENDOSCOPIC METHODS OF TREATMENT OF UROLITHIASIS DISEASE

Urolithiasis disease- is a metabolic disease caused by various endogenous and exogenous causes, including hereditary, and characterized by the presence of stones in the kidneys and urinary tract. Nephrolithiasis is a urological disease with a high frequency of occurrence. Urolithiasis is endemic, so the frequency of occurrence in some regions is higher than in others. In the Republic of Kazakhstan today in surgical treatment of urolithiasis, in most cases, endoscopic treatment methods are used. Endoscopic surgical treatment is called- contact- laser ureterolithotripsy. This method of treatment is effective in localizing stones in the ureter. Purpose: To determine the frequency of urolithiasis and the results of treatment in patients admitted to the city clinical hospital №4. Research methods: A comprehensive analysis of patients who were admitted and treated in the city clinical hospital №4. Patients with nephrolithiasis were distributed by age and sex, by location and size of stones. Results: The main complaint of patients who entered the emergency room was paroxysmal pain in the lumbar region. The intensity of the pain was higher on the side of the affected kidney, in which the stone is located. In the treatment of urolithiasis mainly used is a complex treatment: a conservative and surgical method of treatment. 33 (73.3%) patients with nephrolithiasis- contact laser ureterolithotripsy was performed. As a result of laser lithotripsy, the calculus was fragmented and the particles were fragmented. 12 (26.6%) patients received conservative therapy, since the size of the calculus in the calycis-pyelo system, was small in the ureter (<0.5 cm) and tended to self-discharge. Drug treatment of patients with urolithiasis is aimed at activating urodynamics with small stones of the pyelo or ureter in order to achieve their independent discharge, to fight urinary tract infection and attempt to dissolve stones (litholysis).

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