BLOOD GASES AND ACID-BASE BALANCE - CRITERIA FOR RESPIRATORY SU PPORT IN PATIENTS IN CRITICAL SITUATIONS WITH COVID-PNEUMONIA

Any infectious and inflammatory pathologies, invasive medical measures (catheterization of large vessels, angiography, stenting), surgical intervention in the patient's body lead to a violation of homeostasis in varying degree. The problem of assessing blood gases, acid-base balance (ABB) is relevant  in many areas of medicine, especially in anesthesiology and intensive care, surgery, therapy, pediatrics. Covid-pneumonia is a complication of an infectious viral disease which mainly affects the lung tissue. Pathognomonic symptoms of critical conditions are respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), covid-pneumonia. Respiratory support is a complex of resuscitation methods that allow to provide ventilation of the lungs when breathing is disturbed, reduced or not determined, in cooperation with drug therapy helps to get out of a critical situation. In 80% of cases, coronavirus infection occurs in mild or asymptomatic form, 15% – severe and 5% very severe. It was these 5% of patients with a very severe form of respiratory damage who needed to be transferred to artificial lung ventilation (ventilator) in order to maintain gas exchange and providing time to restore lung tissue function and improving the outcome of treatment. The accumulation of knowledge on respiratory support contributed to its development, since before the pandemic, not all anesthesiologists and resuscitators had an idea about high-flow and non-invasive ventilation of the  lungs. Consequently, their application significantly reduced the risk of intubation and death in covid pneumonia, and the combination with prone position showed its effectiveness in the in patients with severe lung damage. The criteria for the effectiveness or negative dynamics of respiratory support in these patients with covid - pneumonia were blood gases and (ABB).

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