ACIDOSIS

The author of the presented review article introduces the reader to the basics of such an important clinical problem as acidosis. Respiratory (respiratory) and metabolic acidosis are isolated, which, in turn, is divided into metabolic, exogenous and excretory. Depending on the qualitative composition of the accumulated metabolic products, lactate acidosis and ketoacidosis are isolated. Dehydration and hypovolemia in lactate acidosis and ketoacidosis contribute to a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate and aggravation of acidosis by reducing the excretory function of the kidneys. The prognosis for patients with lactate acidosis is serious. According to Perez et al. (1965), Weil, Afifi (970), the mortality rate of patients with a lactate level of more than 4.4 mmol/l ranges from 18 to 73%, depending on the underlying disease.
The author introduces the reader in detail to the principles of correction of lactate acidosis and the mechanisms of compensation for metabolic acidosis. Physiological mechanisms of compensation for metabolic acidosis are implemented primarily by the lungs and kidneys. The article considers the types of excretory acidosis in kidney pathology and types of tubular acidosis, analyzes the causes of distal and proximal tubular acidosis

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