HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES: An EQ-5D-5L ANALYSIS

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent chronic disease affecting roughly half a billion people worldwide. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, official statistics indicate a prevalence of approximately 4.2 % of the population.

The purpose of the study. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing inpatient treatment in medical centers in Almaty, Kazakhstan, using the EQ-5D-5L and EQ VAS questionnaires, which made it possible to evaluate their health profile and identify the areas most affected by the disease.

Materials and Methods. A total of 54 patients with type 2 diabetes participated in this descriptive cross-sectional study. The EQ-5D-5L profiled health across five domains (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression). Subjective health status was measured with the EQ VAS (0-100). To delineate subgroups based on the degree of HRQoL decrement, we applied hierarchical cluster analysis.

Results. The most frequent limitations were observed in pain/discomfort (77.8 %), mobility (64.8 %), and anxiety/depression (53.7 %). In 87.02 ± 10.929 % of patients, health-related problems were identified, and in 72.2 ± 6.097 % combined disorders were observed. The mean Level of Health Status (LSS) score was 9.46±0.467. Cluster analysis identified three groups: high decrement (100 % impaired mobility and pain; additional impairments in usual activities, self-care, and anxiety in 43.8 %, 31.3 %, and 37.5 %, respectively); moderate-to-high decrement (anxiety 100 %; impairments in usual activities 85.7 %, pain/discomfort 64.3 %, mobility 57.1 %, self-care 35.7 %); and moderate decrement (pain/discomfort 70.8 %, mobility 45.8 %, self-care 33.3 %, anxiety 37.5 %, usual activities 33.3 %).

Conclusions. Among hospitalized patients with T2DM in Almaty, subjective health ratings were low, with pain/discomfort, mobility, and anxiety/depression exerting the greatest impact on HRQoL. These findings were consistently demonstrated by EQ-5D-5L, EQ VAS, and cluster analysis.

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