STUDY OF RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERMANENT TEETH ADENTIA

The article presents literature data on the prevalence of primary adentia, analyzes the risk factors for its occurrence, including antenatal ones. To establish the relationship between complications of pregnancy and primary edentulousness, a survey was conducted and analyzed.
In most cases, primary adentia is due to a genetic factor. According to some authors, partial adentia has an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive type of inheritance.
Other factors that can influence the presence of fetal abnormalities are antenatal and postnatal. As a result of the research, it was found that in more than 55% of children with dentoalveolar anomalies, the mother's pregnancy proceeded with complications in the first and second trimesters. The largest percentage was in pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia, anemia and the threat of termination. According to the literature, exposure to certain diseases, such as syphilis, scarlet fever, rickets during pregnancy and infancy, has an effect on dental agenesis.
Postnatal factors leading to the formation of edentulous permanent teeth are inappropriate nutrition of the child, poor oral hygiene, previous infectious diseases, concomitant pathologies, trauma to the tooth germ, living in an area with a developed petrochemical industry. Thus, we can talk about the relationship between environmental pollution and the prevalence of this anomaly.

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