The first experience of surgical treatment of aortic dissection using the hybrid «Frozen Elephant Trunk» method in Kazakhstan

In this article, which presents a brief description of a clinical observation, we give an example of successful surgical treatment of a patient with a thoracoabdominal aortic dissection, one of the most complex issues in modern cardiothoracic surgery. According to recent research, the prevalence of aortic dissections is estimated at six per hundred thousand people per year. In this case, the indications for surgical treatment are absolute, because without surgical treatment, the annual mortality rate is approximately 90%. There are still many unresolved questions in solving this problem, but also sufficient achievements. This primarily concerns optimizing the diagnostic stage - using the advantages of computer tomography and implementing the acute coronary syndrome treatment algorithm into clinical practice.

The improvement of the equipment in regional cardiology centers and the emergence of experienced teams, including cardiovascular surgeons, anesthesiologists, perfusionists, intensivists, and qualified medical staff, play a significant role. Technically, this is a complex surgical intervention that not every surgeon, even with extensive experience, can perform. Therefore, the authors of this presentation proudly present their first successful surgical treatment experience for a patient with aortic dissection, in which the "Frozen Elephant Trunk" (FET) procedure was performed for the first time in Kazakhstan. This procedure allows for a hybrid one-stage repair of the ascending, arch and descending thoracic aorta. This method allows for the intervention to be performed more safely and effectively than traditional methods of surgical interventions. According to the authors of the article, FET procedure is indicated for acute type A and type B aortic dissections, especially in combination with malperfusion syndromes, when it contributes to the expansion of the true lumen and obliteration of the false lumen, as well as for chronic degenerative aneurysmal diseases of the aortic arch and descending aorta. The evidence presented by the authors confirms that FET surgery is a technically feasible treatment option for such complex aortic disease. This method has shown its advantages as a one-stage intervention with long-term results and a beneficial effect on the remodeling of the distal aorta and visceral branches

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