For citations:

Akhmetov E.A., Dzhakipov M.A., Kochiyev B.A., Andreyeva K.A., Sherullayev I.Sh., Makiejanova Z.S., Amangazy A.R., Sarsenbayev A.K., Kabylbekova A.S., Berikbayev I.S. The evolution of prostate cancer diagnosis: from palpation to artificial intelligence. Actual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine. 2025;(2):125-143. https://doi.org/10.24412/2790-1289-2025-2-125-143