The analysis of numbers of survivors, and life expectancy in the country from 1989 to 2018 in different age groups. For a more adequate assessment of the distribution of life expectancy used probabilistic measure of mortality rates in the two cohorts, the exact age. With increasing age, starting at age 45, the probability of departure increases monotonously, which is understandable.

Acid-base state (CBS) is one of the most important components of organismic homeostasis. The activity of enzymes, the direction and intensity of redox reactions, the metabolic processes of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, receptor sensitivity, membrane permeability, organ functions largely depend on the ratio of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in the internal environment of the body.
CBS is usually characterized by the concentration of hydrogen ions [H+] and denoted by the symbol pH (pundus hydrogenium, Latin, - the weight of hydrogen).
The concept of pH - the hydrogen index - was proposed by the Danish scientist Sørensen in 1909 to quantify the active reaction of solutions.
In the article, the author introduces the reader to the main indicators of the acid-base state of the blood, their normal values. These indicators are important for practical medicine.

The disturbing effect of acids or bases at the first stage includes buffer systems, at the second stage there is an excess excretion of substances formed or ingested from the outside. The main systems and organs involved in the regulation of CBS are the respiratory, urinary, digestive systems, liver, skin.
The author examines in detail the role of each of these systems in maintaining a normal level of acid-base state. It is noted that the respiratory and urinary systems play an important role in maintaining the acid - base state, they play a leading role in maintaining a relative excess of bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid. This is a prerequisite for the adequate function of the bicarbonate buffer system. The liver and gastrointestinal tract are also involved in maintaining acid-base balance. The development of a severe condition in patients with decompensated pyloric stenosis, accompanied by constant vomiting and, accordingly, the excretion of a large amount of gastric contents, is explained by the loss of [H+], Cl–, K+ and the development of decompensated hypochloremic hypokalemic alkalosis.

The economic market model of the organization of the healthcare system is one of the most high-quality, but at the same time one of the most expensive. In this regard, economic models of health systems in different countries can be established depending on the role and functions that the State plays in these processes. Operational management of the medical services market is reduced to meeting the needs of the population beyond the guaranteed level, ensuring the freedom of choice and sovereignty of consumers. Providing a multi-channel financing system would create the necessary flexibility and stability of the financial base of social and insurance medicine. The authors of the article suggest choosing three options for economic models of dependence of countries on the healthcare market.

The General adaptive syndrome develops as a non-specific and specific response mainly to the influence of a conditioned factor against the background of a target stimulatory generalized reaction. In the future, during the development of the stress response, a functional system has developed that contributes to adaptation or normal life by withstanding the pathogenic effects of an emergency factor.
G. Selye was the first to discover the systemic stereotypical response of the body (stress) to the effects (stressors) of the external and internal environment, threatening to disrupt homeostasis and develop pathology. It was only G. Selye who managed to combine all these phenomena into a single syndrome and understand their biological meaning. In addition to the neural component of the response, it has proven to involve the endocrine and immune systems. In this regard, it can be argued that it Was G. Selye who was at the origin of modern ideas about the unified neuroimmune – endocrine regulation of body functions in normal and pathological conditions.

The incidence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is currently a significant medical and social problem among the adolescent population. According to WHO, the number of people with iron deficiency in the world is 300 million people, but as a concomitant syndrome or complication – 700-800 million people. The problem of anemia is relevant for Kazakhstan due to its high prevalence on the territory of the republic. Anemia is widespread among adolescents, which leads to an increase in diseases of the reproductive system that begin in childhood and adolescence, which significantly reduces the quality of life. First of all, this is reflected in the occurrence of pathology of menstrual function, which is associated with the presence of anemia. According to WHO (2010), almost every second adolescent girl has iron deficiency [5]. According to the WHO classification, according to the level of prevalence of IDA, Kazakhstan belongs to the category of «moderately affected countries» (WHO/UNICEF/UNU), i.e. with that critical level (15 – 40%) requiring special development and urgent measures to prevent anemia at the national level [6].

The article provides an analysis of the frequency and growth of children with cerebral palsy. The features of the social status of the family of disabled children, clinical forms of the disease, indicators of the effectiveness of rehabilitation are shown