REVEWS
The heart, like other organs and tissues, needs oxygen. The coronary arteries supply and nourish the heart with oxygen. If the vessel is damaged, the blood supply to the heart may be disrupted or completely stopped. Accordingly, the heart muscle remains without oxygen and necrosis develops-this condition is called myocardial infarction. According to statistics, the mortality rate from myocardial infarction in the world is 55.7% in Kazakhstan, 44% in Russia, 54.3% in Ukraine, 61.6% in Armenia, 42.2% in the USA. The average age of deceased patients is from 70 to 80 years. In recent years, there has been an excessive increase in the number of patients with myocardial infarction in Kazakhstan, and the results of procedures in 30-50% of cases lead to death.
This article will focus on myocardial infarction, stages of development, complications, stages. As the etiology of the disease, examples of atherosclerosis, coronary artery thrombosi s, increased myocardial oxygen demand can be cited.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
We examined 62 patients with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia who were undergoing treatment at the Bukhara Regional Psychoneurological Dispensary. The relationship between clinical and psychopathological characteristics and cognitive functions was analyzed. Analysis of the social status and disorders of social functioning of patients suffering from schizophrenia shows a violation of cognitive function, which affects the social adaptation of patients. The inclusion of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment algorithm of patients in the main group significantly improves cognitive functions without increasing productive symptoms
This article discusses the results of the study, which allow to identify the features of suicidal behavior of adolescents, the motives of suicidal tendencies, the role of conflictogenic situations in the risk of developing adolescent suicides. 61 teenagers, 44 boys and 17 girls with an average age of 16.9 +1.48, admitted for inpatient treatment in the adolescent departments of the city clinical psychiatric hospital of Tashkent, were examined. The experimental psychological method included the study of three main parameters - the personality characteristics of adolescents, depressive symptoms and suicidal tendencies. Summarizing the results of studies of the features of suicidal tendencies, it was found that the risk group for the development of suicidal behavior includes adolescents with epileptoid and cycloid accentuations of character with dysphoric and anxious depressive symptoms with demonstrative-blackmail motivation and the presence of intrafamilial conflict relationships. The results obtained will allow for timely psychoprophylaxis and prevention of child and adolescent suicides.
The article presents an analysis of the data of questioning teachers in relation to the introduction of innovative technologies in the educational process. The survey was conducted among teachers of the Department of Therapeutic and Pediatric Dentistry. The use of innovative teaching methods in the educational process was positively evaluated by the teachers of the department.
Purpose of the study: To assess the teachers' perception of the introduction of innovative teaching methods in the educational process according to online survey data.
Results and conclusions: An online survey was conducted with 31 teachers of the Department of Therapeutic and Pediatric Dentistry. An online questionnaire was provided containing 19 questions, including sections such as relevance, reflective thinking, interactivity, and support for the interactive method. For the Relevance section, 4 questions were provided; in the section "reflective thinking" - 4 questions; in the section "interactivity and support for the interactive method" - 11 questions. The last two items in the questionnaire are intended to indicate the time of the online survey, comments and suggestions. In each question, the respondent must choose only one option out of 5 answer options on the scale of "almost always", "often", "sometimes", "rarely", "almost never".
Thus, the results of the survey proved the effectiveness of the use of innovative teaching methods that improve the quality of education. The use of innovative methods reflects the level of professional competence of teachers, their interest in training qualified specialists
To study the dynamics of the structure of mental pathology and the contingent of people seeking psychiatric care during the COVID – 19 pandemics in Almaty to develop measures to further improve the organization of the mental health service.
Official statistical data on patients with a newly diagnosed mental disorder in the period before the announcement of quarantine measures (2019) and after (2020-2021) were used, as well as a sample of people who applied for psychiatric help in the indicated periods of time in the amount of 131 patients. To assess the statistical significance of the results of the study, a comparative analysis of the percentages in the groups (analysis of four-field contingency tables) was used according to Pearson's χ2.
Research results predicting a surge in mental disorders in the population have been confirmed. It was revealed that during the period of quarantine measures, people over 30 years of age with higher education, who do not have their own family, more often seek psychiatric help.
The data obtained indicate the need for additional training of psychiatrists to improve the efficiency of the psychiatric service during the period of quarantine measures.
Young age and family well-being are important adaptogenic factors that preserve mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the risk group for the development of mental disorders is made up of people of middle working age and the elderly who do not have families and close relatives.
The problem of preserving health and increasing human life expectancy is considered one of the most urgent. In the body, under normal conditions, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids are constantly being updated by peroxidation. The activity of this process is controlled by antioxidants that can effectively interact with free radicals. One of the links in the pathogenesis of various diseases is oxidative stress, namely activation of peroxidation and depletion of the system of endogenous antioxidants. The use of antioxidants for therapeutic and preventive purposes is discussed in the medical literature. In the arsenal of means that limit the activity of free radical oxidation, there are synthetic drugs and herbal medicines. The paper presents a comparative characteristic of the antioxidant activity of some drugs used in therapeutic and preventive practice.
According to historical data, nomadic tribes used camel milk 5 thousand years ago. In those ancient times, for obvious reasons, the drink was available only to residents of North Africa and the Middle East. Today, the geography of product availability has significantly expanded. Many scientists claim that this type of milk is much healthier than others [10].
Camel milk is a natural product that has dietary and medicinal properties. Camel milk is also widely used in the field of alternative medicine. It has been scientifically proven that camel milk has the ability to help in the treatment of cancer and leukemia, due to the presence of substances that remove compounds from the body that provoke the development of cancer. In addition, such milk is used during the treatment of tuberculosis, ulcers and some other gastrointestinal problems. It is recommended to use this product for problems with the pancreas, liver and intestines, as well as diabetes mellitus.
The aim of the study was to study the clinical parameters of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study group consisted of 21 patients with moderate severity. Patients took freeze-dried shubat for 60 days. As a result of the treatment, an improvement in clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters was achieved in all patients with diabetes mellitus. The results of the study showed the therapeutic and dietary potential of camel milk, due to its unique qualitative composition.
CLINICAL CASE
HELLP - syndrome is a severe complication of pregnancy characterized by a triad of symptoms. HELLP-syndrome among pregnant women with gestoses develops in 4-12% of cases, according to the generalized data of world literature in 2-20% of pregnancies. HELLP syndrome develops in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy at 33-35 weeks. In 30% of cases, it develops mainly up to 7 days, more often within 48 hours after childbirth and it is observe in multiparous women with gestoses, more often over the age of 25 years. To date, the pathogenesis of the syndrome has not been fully explore. Most likely, it develops with a combination of a number of factors, aggravated by the course of gestoses. The starting point in the development of HELLP-syndrome is a decrease in the production of prostacyclin against the background of an autoimmune reaction resulting from the effect of antibodies on blood cells and endothelium. This leads to microangiopathic changes in the inner lining of the vessels and the release of placental thromboplastin, which enters the mother's bloodstream. In parallel with damage to the endothelium, vasospasm occurs, provoking ischemia of the placenta. Thus, HELLP syndrome leads to an extreme degree of activation of the processes of systemic inflammation and organ damage, that is, multiple organ failure.
This publication considers a clinical case of protective and attitudinal behavior in a patient referred for compulsory treatment as a security measure in the form of placement in a special medical organization. The dynamics describes the development of the clinical picture, the features of diagnostic search and therapeutic solutions in conditions of compulsory treatment. This clinical case describes the actual problems faced by a psychiatrist working with patients in compulsory treatment who have difficulty undergoing SPEC. Diagnostic criteria for differentiation of attitudinal behavior are discussed.
Dacryoadenitis is an inflammation of the lacrimal gland, the process is more often unilateral, can be both acute and chronic. The resumption of a pathologically chronic process in the lacrimal gland can lead to hypertrophy of the skin of the upper eyelid in the area of the lacrimal gland, which can cause an unpleasant aesthetic defect to the patient. After consultation with an oculoplastic surgeon, it was decided to perform upper blepharoplasty. Due to the combined treatment, the expectations of the doctor and the patient are justified.
The aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of treatment aimed at eliminating inflammatory and edematous processes with improved microhemolymphocirculation and achieving the desired result of the patient - upper blepharoplasty in the presence of rheumatoid arthritis and relapses of chronic dacryoadenitis in the patient's history.
The objective of the study was to assess the result of the combined treatment of chronic autoimmune dacryoadenitis with the achievement of a persistent relapse and the expected cosmetic effect of upper eyelid blepharoplasty.
Results. The study includes one clinical case in which a 27-year-old patient with a history of systemic chronic joint disease and a long-term autoimmune disease of the tear-producing gland. The main desire of the patient is to achieve a stable recurrence of chronic inflammation of the lacrimal gland and also to get rid of the stretched and overhanging skin of the upper eyelids. The period of our observation was generally 6 months.
As a result of our investigation of this case, we achieved the strengthening and restoration of the normal functioning of the lacrimal gland and fulfilled the patient's wishes to give an aesthetically beautiful appearance to the upper eyelids.
Conclusions. As a result of the combined treatment, we managed to achieve a persistent recurrence of chronic inflammation of the lacrimal gland and achieve the desired cosmetic effect.
A combination of surgical and conservative treatments for chronic diseases of the lacrimal gland, leading to stretching of the skin of the upper eyelid, can become an alternative way of treating dacryoadenitis with the achievement of stabilization of the chronic process and the elimination of an undesirable aesthetic flaw.
ISSN 2790-1297 (Online)