Relevance. Currently, about one million new cases of colon cancer are registered annually in the world, which are the cause of death in half of patients.
The aim of the study was to determine changes in blood biochemical parameters in colon cancer in patients with persistent DNA / RNA viruses.
Materials and methods. The material for the study was blood serum samples from patients with an established diagnosis of cancer. The study shows that prolonged contact with viral DNA / RNA results in persistent biochemical changes in the large intestine, mainly with prolonged persistence of Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus DNA. The most dynamic indicators in the serum of the subjects were enzymes, creatinine, bilirubin, albumin, triglycerides, gamma-glutamyltransferase, trace elements and immunoglobulins.
Results. Overall, the indicators of total protein, urea, cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins and lowdensity lipoproteins were relatively stable. Reliable dependences of biochemical parameters with the viral DNA
present were established: the DNA of the Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus was of the greatest importance for colon cancer.

Purpose. To study the prevalence of renal dysfunction (NFP) as determined by glomerular filtration rate (CKD-EPI, KDIGO, 2024) among the residents of Almaty and Almaty region.
The materials and methods. 1575 adults aged 18 to 69 years, determining RF performed formula CKDEPI, including sex, age of the patient and the concentration of creatinine in the serum, except in the analysis
included age and gender, social characteristics, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease: increased total cholesterol (TC); Low-density lipoprotein (LDL); High density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides; determined by the degree of abdominal adiposity, fasting plasma glucose.
The results.GFR was estimated at 1 553 respondents, which accounted for 97.2 % of cases of observation, mean GFR in the whole study population was 101,9 ± 18,2 ml / min / 1.73 m2, those with high / optimal SCF (76.7 %) and persons with reduced GFR (23.2 %) among respondents with renal dysfunction according to GFR, living in Almaty and the region women were significantly more likely (90%), older persons (37.1% ), residents of the city (72.3%) and respondents who suffer from joint-stock company (75 %) and a high degree of hypertension (25.88 %).
The conclusion. In assessing renal function, defined by GFR determined by the formula CKD-EPI, KDIGO, 2024 among residents of Almaty and Almaty region, decreased renal function was determined in 23.2 % of respondents, while in this group were significantly more frequent faces female, older age group (60-69 years), residents of the city, among the important cardiometabolic risk factors were abdominal obesity, high degree of hypertension.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationships between oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and clinically diagnosed potentially malignant diseases of the oral cavity.
Methods. The study included 62 patients with OPSCC T1-4N0-3M0 who were treated at the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology and its
Tashkent city and Samarkand regional branches from 2015 to 2020. Expression was studied using immunohistochemistry proteins p16INK4a, PD-L1 and p53W/M (W - wild type; M - mutant type) in formalinfixed and paraffin-embedded tumor samples. In these patients, the natural history of clinically diagnosed OPMDs and their Pearson correlation with molecular markers was assessed.
Results. 9.7 % (6 / 62) of patients were diagnosed with OPMDs, and 14.5 % (9/62) were diagnosed with oral papillomas. All OPMDs patterns belong to the HPV-negative group, and papillomas belong to
the HPV-positive group (p < 0.001). OPMDs have a low positive correlation with PD-L1 (p = 0.719), a moderate positive correlation with p53M (p = 0.251), a moderate positive correlation with male gender
(p = 0.023) and a low positive correlation with age (p = 0.796). Papilloma has a strong positive correlation with positive HPV status (p<0.001), a moderate positive correlation with p53W (p = 0.002) and a low
positive correlation with male gender (p = 0.512).
Conclusion. Assessing the expression of p16INK4a/PD-L1/p53W/p53M proteins in OPMDs tissues or clinically normal oral mucosa may be a useful framework for shaping the risk of developing OPSCC.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is an autoimmune antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies – associated systemic vasculitis with a progressive course.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis remains one of the most severe and prognostically unfavorable systemic vasculitides, the frequency of which is increasing among children. This article provides a review of contemporary literature on granulomatosis with polyangiitis, covering issues of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis, which currently requires updating and systematization to avoid medical errors. The article also presents a case of generalized granulomatosis with polyangiitis in a 12-year-old child with involvement of the upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys, reflecting the diagnostic challenges of granulomatosis in the presence of concomitant pathology. The clinical example discusses the importance of early comprehensive assessment of organ and system conditions for prescribing adequate timely therapy to prevent irreversible complications in granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Tuberous sclerosis is a genetic disease from the group of phacomatoses characterized by lesions of the skin, nervous system and internal organs associated with impaired proliferation, migration and
differentiation of neuroglia cells. In tuberous sclerosis, various organs are often affected, and the treatment of newly diagnosed cases of tuberous sclerosis is typically multidisciplinary, creating a challenge for the comprehensive clinical management of patients with tuberous sclerosis. Traditionally, therapy for tuberous sclerosis has primarily consisted of surgical treatment and symptomatic supportive care. However, in recent years, the concept of precision medicine has been proposed, and increasing attention is being given to molecular targeted therapy. The article describes a rare case of a genetically determined polysystem disease – Tuberous sclerosis (Bourneville-Pringle disease). Accurate diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis is of fundamental importance, therefore, the article details modern epidemiological data, genetic and clinical criteria for the diagnosis of the disease and treatment. On the example of the medical history of a patient with tuberous sclerosis, the features of the course of the clinical case are analyzed.

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, and its prevalence is projected to double over the next generation. Nevertheless, timely diagnosis of Parkinson's disease remains
a difficult task, and the identification of the earliest stages of the disease is a serious unmet need. In this paper, we described a case of diagnosis of the classic form of Parkinson's disease in an elderly patient.
In this paper, we describe a clinical case of diagnosing the classic form of Parkinson's disease in an elderly patient with late diagnosis at the Department of Neurology at the Central City Clinical Hospital in
Almaty. Based on clinical and instrumental data, the diagnosis was established as: Parkinson's disease, akinetic-rigid form, without postural instability, Stage 4 according to the Hen and Yaru scale.
The presented clinical example demonstrates a classic case of Parkinson's disease. The gradual development of symptoms, along with the presence of typical motor and non-motor manifestations in an elderly patient, allowed for the clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.

Today the field of radiation diagnostics is rapidly developing and improving. That is why it is very important not only for the new generation of radiologists who grew up in the digital era and are
fluent in gadgets, but also for experienced specialists to keep up with this pace. The purpose of this research is to find suitable modern radiological resources in the form of specialized applications for more productive study and perception of information, including diagnosing of various pathologies. For this article, we consulted popularity lists and independent research to find the most interesting and useful apps for radiologists. And also represent the existing advantages and disadvantages of each.